Increased levels of which neurotransmitter may lead to agitation and anxiety?

Increased levels of norepinephrine are associated with agitation and anxiety. Norepinephrine is a neurotransmitter that plays a crucial role in the body's fight-or-flight response, which can heighten arousal and alertness. When levels of norepinephrine rise, it can result in heightened vigilance and anxiety, as the body prepares to respond to perceived threats. This can manifest as symptoms such as increased heart rate, restlessness, and heightened emotional responses.

Dopamine is primarily involved in reward processing and motor function. While it can influence mood and anxiety indirectly, it is not typically the main neurotransmitter linked to increased agitation and anxiety symptoms.

Acetylcholine is important for various functions, including muscle activation and cognitive processes. While disturbances in cholinergic function may influence mood and anxiety, it is not typically characterized by an increase leading to agitation.

Serotonin, on the other hand, is often thought to have a calming effect and is more commonly associated with mood stabilization and reducing anxiety. Low levels of serotonin have been connected to increased anxiety and depressive symptoms, making it less likely that higher levels would cause agitation.

Thus, the association of heightened norepinephrine levels with agitation and anxiety is well-supported by neurobiological research, highlighting the