What is the first-line treatment for akathisia?

The first-line treatment for akathisia is propranolol. Akathisia is characterized by a subjective feeling of inner restlessness and an uncontrollable need to be in constant motion. It often occurs as a side effect of antipsychotic medications, particularly the first-generation ones, and can be distressing for patients.

Propranolol, a non-selective beta-blocker, has been shown to be effective in alleviating the symptoms of akathisia. It works by reducing adrenergic stimulation which may contribute to the restlessness and anxiety associated with the condition. The effectiveness of propranolol in this context is supported by evidence from clinical studies that establish its role as a beneficial treatment option.

Other choices may not be as appropriate for akathisia treatment. For example, clonazepam, a benzodiazepine, can provide some short-term relief for anxiety-related symptoms but is not specifically indicated for akathisia. Sertraline, an SSRI, is used primarily for depression and anxiety disorders rather than akathisia. Risperidone, while an antipsychotic, can sometimes exacerbate akathisia, particularly if used to manage symptoms of other disorders. Thus, propranolol stands out as the