Which class of antidepressants blocks the reuptake of serotonin into neurons?

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) are a specific class of antidepressants that primarily block the reuptake of serotonin into presynaptic neurons. By inhibiting this reuptake mechanism, SSRIs increase the availability of serotonin in the synaptic cleft, enhancing serotonergic transmission. This increase is associated with an improvement in mood and a reduction in symptoms of depression and anxiety.

The effectiveness of SSRIs has made them one of the most commonly prescribed classes of antidepressants, often serving as the first-line treatment for various mood disorders. Their selective action on serotonin contributes to a favorable side effect profile compared to other classes of antidepressants, particularly tricyclic antidepressants, which can have a broader action on multiple neurotransmitter systems and are associated with more side effects.

In contrast, tricyclic antidepressants affect several neurotransmitter systems, including norepinephrine in addition to serotonin, while serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) address both serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake. Bupropion is a unique antidepressant that primarily inhibits the reuptake of dopamine and norepinephrine, with minimal effects on serotonin.

Understanding the mechanisms of various antidepressants equips clinicians with the knowledge