Which long-acting injectable (LAI) is associated with an increased risk of tardive dyskinesia?

Risperidone is known to be associated with an increased risk of tardive dyskinesia, particularly because it can have a higher propensity for causing extrapyramidal side effects compared to some other atypical antipsychotics. Tardive dyskinesia is a movement disorder that can arise from prolonged use of dopamine antagonists, which include certain antipsychotic medications. Risperidone works by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain, and its higher dopamine blockade, especially at higher doses, can lead to this adverse effect.

In contrast, other alternatives like Aripiprazole, Ziprasidone, and Lurasidone have been found to have a lower risk of affecting the dopaminergic system in a way that leads to tardive dyskinesia. Aripiprazole is often considered to be a dopamine system stabilizer and tends to have a more favorable side effect profile regarding movement disorders. Similarly, Ziprasidone and Lurasidone are associated with a lower risk for extrapyramidal symptoms as well.

Understanding the side effect profiles of these medications is crucial for informed decision-making in prescribing and managing treatment for conditions like schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, where long-acting injectables may be used for