Which medication is classified as a Tricyclic Antidepressant (TCA)?

Amitriptyline is classified as a Tricyclic Antidepressant (TCA) due to its chemical structure and mechanism of action. TCAs are characterized by their three-ring chemical structure and were among the first antidepressants developed. They primarily work by inhibiting the reuptake of neurotransmitters, particularly norepinephrine and serotonin, resulting in increased availability of these mood-regulating chemicals in the brain.

Amitriptyline is known for its efficacy in treating depression, anxiety, and chronic pain conditions, among others. Its side effects, due to anticholinergic properties and effects on cardiac conduction, are recognized aspects of its profile, which clinicians must manage when prescribing.

In contrast, the other medications listed belong to different classes. Duloxetine is a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI), Venlafaxine is also an SNRI, and Selegiline is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). Each of these operates through different mechanisms and has distinct therapeutic uses compared to TCAs like amitriptyline.