Which medication might cause withdrawal symptoms that include seizures if stopped abruptly?

Benzodiazepines, such as alprazolam, are known to potentially cause withdrawal symptoms if they are discontinued suddenly. When a patient has been taking benzodiazepines regularly, the body can develop a physical dependence on the drug. Abruptly stopping the medication can lead to a range of withdrawal symptoms, with some individuals experiencing seizures as one of the more severe manifestations.

The mechanism behind this is related to how benzodiazepines enhance the effect of the neurotransmitter GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid), which is responsible for inhibiting excitatory signals in the brain. Prolonged use can result in changes to the GABA receptors. When the drug is suddenly withdrawn, the inhibition lessens abruptly, which can lead to a hyperexcitable state in the central nervous system, increasing the risk for seizures.

Other medications listed do not generally lead to seizures upon abrupt cessation. For instance, carbamazepine withdrawal may lead to seizures, but it is primarily an antiepileptic drug rather than a benzodiazepine. Eszopiclone is a sleep aid and while it may lead to dependence, its withdrawal symptoms don't typically include seizures. Buspirone, used for anxiety, also does not produce withdrawal