Which of the following is one of the four common Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)?

Phenelzine is indeed one of the four common Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs). MAOIs are a class of antidepressants that work by inhibiting the activity of monoamine oxidase, an enzyme responsible for breaking down neurotransmitters such as serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine in the brain. By inhibiting this enzyme, MAOIs increase the levels of these monoamines, which can help alleviate symptoms of depression.

Phenelzine is used primarily in the treatment of depression, particularly atypical depression, and it can also be effective for anxiety disorders. Its use requires careful dietary considerations to avoid interactions with tyramine-containing foods, which can lead to hypertensive crises. Understanding the mechanism and implications of MAOIs, including phenelzine, is crucial for anyone studying psychiatric mental health, as they represent an important treatment option for certain types of mood disorders.

The other options listed are not classified as MAOIs. Clomipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant, duloxetine is a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI), and lithium is primarily used for mood stabilization in bipolar disorder.