Which symptom is NOT associated with premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)?

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is characterized by a range of emotional and physical symptoms that occur in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and resolve shortly after menstruation begins.

Marked lability of affect, feeling depressed or hopeless, and anxiety are all common symptoms associated with PMDD. Individuals often experience significant mood swings, which can include irritability or intense sadness, as well as heightened anxiety and feelings of hopelessness.

In contrast, increased energy is typically not a symptom of PMDD. Those affected by PMDD generally report fatigue and a decrease in energy levels, which can exacerbate feelings of depression and anxiety. Understanding these symptoms is crucial for recognizing PMDD and differentiating it from other mood disorders or normal premenstrual symptoms.