Which term refers to a misperception that something is real but is not?

The term that accurately describes a misperception where something is perceived as real but is not is "illusion." An illusion occurs when sensory input is misinterpreted, leading an individual to perceive something that is present differently or inaccurately. For instance, seeing a stick in the water and mistakenly thinking it is broken due to refraction is an example of an illusion.

Hallucinations, on the other hand, involve perceiving something that isn't there at all, such as hearing voices or seeing things that others do not. Delusions refer to firmly held false beliefs that are resistant to reasoning or contrary evidence, like believing one has special powers or is under constant surveillance. Flight of ideas is a term used to describe a rapid succession of thoughts and ideas that are loosely connected, typically seen in conditions like mania, rather than a misperception of reality.

Understanding the nuances between these terms is crucial in psychiatric practice, as they indicate different underlying conditions and require tailored approaches to care and treatment.